| REVIEW ARTICLES |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 14
| Issue : 1 | Page : 11-23 |
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Colonoscopy practice and polyp detection in Nigeria: A systematic review
Emeka Ray-Offor1, Rex Friday Ogoronte A Ijah2, Stella-Maris C Egboh3
1 Department of Surgery, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria
2 Department of Surgery, PAMO University Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Federal Medical Centre Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Correspondence Address:
Emeka Ray-Offor
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Rivers State
Nigeria
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/njgh.njgh_8_22
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Evaluation of colorectal pathologies by colonoscopy is increasingly reported from different centers across Nigeria. However, a comprehensive review of current colonoscopy practice across the country is yet to be documented. To report on colonoscopy practice, the detection rate, site(s), and geographic distribution of colorectal polyps in Nigeria, a systematic search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. The search databases comprised MEDLINE, African Journal Online, and Google Scholar. The eligibility criteria included publications on flexible lower gastrointestinal endoscopies (LGIEs) performed on Nigerian population over a 20-year period from January 2002 to 2022. Relevant data on study characteristics, demographics of study patients, indication(s), complications of polypectomy, quality metrics for colonoscopy, polyp morphology size, location, and histopathology were extracted and analyzed. Twenty-one observational studies were included comprising 5821 patients who underwent LGIE with an age range of 2–101 years and an M: F of 1.8:1. The polyp detection rate (PDR) was 8.5% in North-West Nigeria, and the mean value ranged from 11.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.0–15.6] in South-West Nigeria to 38.0% (95% CI 165.3–241.3) in South-South Nigeria. The rectosigmoid segment had the highest frequency of polyps [43% (358/828)], and adenomatous, inflammatory, hyperplastic, and malignant polyps were the frequent histology reported: 221 (26.7%), 174 (21.0%), 38 (4.6%), and 13(1.6%), respectively. Summarily, a large disparity exists in PDR among endoscopists in Nigeria. The training of Nigerian endoscopists on techniques to enhance caecal intubation rate, polyp detection, and comprehensive documentation of quality metrics in colonoscopy studies are recommended. |
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